兰亭集序说课稿【最新4篇】
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兰亭集序说课稿【第一篇】
1、教材简析
《兰亭集序》是人民教育出版社普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修1第二单元的第1篇课文,这是1篇序文,也是叙议结合的游记散文。它不仅是文学史上的佳作,更是享誉中国书法史的名作,被称为“天下第一行书”,它的作者是东晋著名的文学家、书法家王羲之。作为1篇书序,由叙事而写景,感物抒怀,从一次普通的游宴活动谈到了作者的生死观,并以此批判了当时士大夫阶层中崇尚虚无的思想倾向,使全文在立意上显得不同凡响。
2、本课所处的地位和作用
《语文课程标准》中对语文学习有这样的要求“通过阅读和鉴赏,体会中国文化的博大精深、渊远流长,陶冶性情,全面提高语文素养”,此文入选新教材正体现了这一理念,学生若能很好的理解的内容,就能认识作者深沉的感叹中所蕴含的积极情绪,对树立积极的人生观很有帮助,同时又能感受我国书法艺术的博大精深,对提高语文素养大有益处。
3、教学目标
《语文课程标准》认为,欣赏文学作品,能有自己的情感体验,初步领略作品的内涵,从中获得对自然、社会、人生的有益启示。同时要求,应学会运用工具书读浅易文言文。根据这些理念,我确定了本文教学目标如下:
(1)知识目标:在理解的基础上诵读全文,了解序文的写作特点,掌握实词“修、期、致、临、次”的意义。
(2)能力目标:品味文中精练优美、朴素清新的语言,理清课文内容层次,分析作者状物抒情的特点。
(3)情感目标:欣赏文中描绘的自然美,学会关爱自然,理解作者的生死观。树立正确积极的人生观。
4、重难点
本文虽是1篇书序,却“以抒情的笔调出之,淋漓满纸,美不胜收;加以文笔洗练,自然有致,更足以发人深思。”因此我是这样确定的重难点的:
重点:在理解的基础上诵读,在诵读的基础上鉴赏。
依据:
①教材中本单元的教学要求是“要了解课文的思想内容,掌握有关文言词语和句式。要重视朗读和背诵。”
②本文是1篇不可多得的美文,通过鉴赏可以提高学生对文言文的兴趣,培养他们的审美能力。
难点:如何正确看待作者的生死观?
依据:是写美景的,作者为何产生人生易逝的感慨?作者的思想是积极的还是消极的?为什么会有这样的思想特点?我们该有怎样的生命价值观?这些问题学生可以在了解课文内容后,深入思考、讨论,并结合社会实际和作者生平来理解。
《语文课程标准》提倡:充分发挥师生双方在教学中的主动性和创造性,让语文教学在师生平等对话的过程中进行,教师是学习活动的组织者和引导者,应创造性地理解和使用教材,灵活运用多种教学策略,引导学生在实践中学会学习。本文是古代文学中的名篇佳作,根据本课的教学目标和重、难点,我准备采用创设情景、指导朗读、引导探究、拓展训练等方法进行教学。
本文格调清奇,行文流畅,琅琅上口,容易调动学生的学习积极性,客观上创造了良好的学习条件。但由于高一学生的思想深度有限,且由于作者生活年代较为久远,学生对作者生死观的理解有一定难度,教师应重点突破。但同时要注意,《语文课程标准》倡导我们,语文课应根据学生身心发展和语文学习的特点,爱护学生的好奇心、求知欲,充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神,倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式。因此,课堂上应努力通过体现学生认知主体的作用,增加学生的参与机会,增强参与意识,教给学生获取知识的途径和思考问题的方法,引导学生主动探究,使学生真正成为学习的主人,实现叶圣陶先生提倡的“教是为了不教”的目标。
教法的根本是学法,只有把“学法”教给学生,才能达到不教,正所谓“授之以渔,则终身受用无穷”。
1.诵读法:朗读是学生获得语感,提高阅读能力的有效途径,它具有唤起形象、表达情感、加强理解、训练思维等多种功能。《兰亭集序》是古代名家名篇,只有让学生熟读成诵,才可能获得语感,在此基础上体会作者的情感变化,正确理解作者的生死观。
2.想象法:爱因斯坦曾说过:“想象力比知识更重要,因为知识是有限的,而想象力概括着世界上的一切,并且是知识进化的源泉。”由此可见,想象力对人的发展的重要性。这篇言简而意深,透过文字,仿佛看到了兰亭优美的自然风光,和那些参与聚会的文人雅士们儒雅的风度和诗意人生,教学时引导学生发挥合理的想象,领会作者的意图,有利于激发情感。
3、探究法与讨论法结合:以学生自我实现、学生间自我讨论为主要形式,深入探究,特别是在对作者生死观的分析上,学生可以通过讨论,互相补充观点,不断深入挖掘主题。这种方法更能让学生“学会学习”,讨论探究后所获得的知识要比被动接受的老师灌输的知识记忆深刻得多。
1、录音机、课文朗诵带。
2、有关兰亭和王羲之书法的图片、资料。
我把这篇课文的教学分成两课时完成。
第一课时教学要点:整体感知课文,品味语言,体会作者之乐。
具体教学程序:
1、激情导入,介绍作者,了解作品背景。
古希腊学者普罗塔戈说过:"头脑不是一个要被填满的容器,而是一束需要被点燃的火把。"因此一个好的导语设计无疑就是点燃火把的火种。在教学之前,我从课本插图开始,从王羲之在书法中的重要地位入手导入课文。
2、指导朗读。
①播放课文磁带录音(再出示有关兰亭和王羲之书法的图片、资料)。
②正音,指导朗读,提醒学生注意语气、节奏、重音。
提示:第一段语调舒缓,体现作者的欢快的感情;二三段缓慢低沉,读出“痛”、“悲”。
③自由读。
本文骈散结合,行文流畅,学生比较感兴趣,但是生字词比较多,而且感情起伏较大,因此朗读指导是一个必要的环节。
3、整体感知,理清思路。
①了解序的题材特点。
②本文写了作者怎样的思想感情及变化?
由乐生痛,由痛生感,由感言悲。引导学生以作者的感情变化为线索,走近兰亭,走进王羲之的感情世界。
③分小组讨论,概括段落要点。
叙宴集盛况 发人生感慨 明作序要旨
4、赏析第一、二段,体会作者之乐。
①找出这两段中心句——“信可乐也”。
②分析乐从何来。
联系王实甫的《西厢记》里唱词:“良辰美景奈何天,赏心悦事谁家院”,说明人生有四大美事:良辰、美景、赏心、乐事。本文四美俱全,足可乐也。结合课文引导学生具体分析这四美。
5、布置作业。
①结合课后习题一背诵课文(指导背诵方法) ②深入分析课文
板书是一堂课的精华所在,我设计的这堂课的板书如下:
兰亭集序
王羲之
时间 :暮春之初
地点 :兰亭
事由 :修褉事也
人物 :群贤必至,少长咸集
(一)兰亭盛会
环境:崇山峻岭,茂林修竹,清流激湍,映带左右
事件 :流觞曲水,畅叙幽情
天气 :天朗气清,惠风和畅
感受 :信可乐也 乐
欣于所遇 所之既倦
向之所欣 已为陈迹
修短随化 终期于尽 死生亦大矣 悲
(二)会后感慨
昔人兴感 若合一契
时人“一死生为虚诞,齐彭殇为妄作”
后之览者
各位老师,我今天的说课到此结束,谢谢各位老师二十分钟的陪伴!
兰亭集序说课稿【第二篇】
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兰亭集序说课稿【第三篇】
《兰亭集序》王羲之的〈〈兰亭集序〉〉是人教版普通高中课程标准实验教科书必修二第三单元的1篇课文。本单元为古代山水游记类散文。山水游记一般不只是对自然风物的客观描绘,往往包含抒情或说理的成分,或表达物我两忘的喜忧,或抒发时不我待的忧思,或倾诉怀才不遇的愤懑。阅读这一类的文章,一要欣赏其中描绘的自然风光,二要联系作者身世和时代背景,品味作者抒发的感情和文章寄寓的感情和旨趣。
反复阅(诵)读体味法。在反复阅(诵)读中体会其中节奏、语气和韵味,养成良好的文言语感。同时培养学生对自然之美的感受能力。
关键语句切入解读文本法。文章阅读的最高功夫是把厚书读薄、把长文读短,抓关键语句是达到这一境界的最佳途径。为品味作者抒发的感情和文章寄寓的旨趣,着重抓文本中的关键性语句,使学生的思维过程和方法落实,结论有据。
理解作者在文中由喜到悲的感情变化,认识作者深沉感叹中所蕴涵的积极情绪。
四、教学设想
《兰亭集序》通过对宴游之乐的渲染、铺垫来引发自己对人生哲理的探索,发表对人生忧乐和生死问题的看法。感情由“乐”到“痛”再到“悲”,线索十分明显。古往今来,不知有多少睿智的先贤对人生的终极意义有过这样或那样的求索,但似乎都没有一个完美的答案。唯一相同的感受就是:人生永远面对变化,永远带着遗憾。这是一个问题,却永远无法解决。王羲之说:“后之视今,犹今之视昔。悲夫!”这是文章中最能打动读者、最能拨动人们心弦的一句话。关键的问题是作者因何而“悲”,如何理解这个“悲”。
如果仅仅将这个“悲”理解为悲叹生命无常、人生短暂,那它就与前文的“痛”没有什么区别了;或者即使认识到和前文的“痛”相比,这个“悲”“有所超越”,“不是完全的悲痛而是一定程度的悲壮”,那也是失之肤浅的。
鉴于以上思考,我把挖掘“悲”字内涵的做为这届可的中心环节(主要体现在第六步“深深‘悲’叹为哪桩”环节)。
(一)、导入课文。
“生存还是毁灭:这是个问题。”哈姆雷特被生活的困境逼到了死角,开始了关于生与死的思考;早在两千多年前,中国一位伟大的史学家司马迁在生死抉择中做出了响亮的回答:人固有一死,或重于泰山,或轻于鸿毛;南宋女词人李清照有诗曰:“生当作人杰,死亦为鬼雄。”生死问题,历来是中外文学和哲学所关注的重要话题。一代书圣王羲之也为我们留下了他对人生哲理执著探索的踪迹。今天,我们一起来继续学习《兰亭集序》。
(二)、自读质疑。
提示学生:古人云,读书百遍,其义自见。我们要反复阅读,读准字音,读通句意,读出感情,并争取读出心得。做到每一遍读书都有目的,每一遍读书都有收获。
在课前预习的基础上,通过师生互动、生生互动做好正音和词句疏通工作。
(三)总体感知:
快速浏览全文,试从每段中找出最能体现作者情感变化的字眼。
(乐——痛——悲)
乐因何而生?痛由何而来?悲缘何而发?
(四)、赏析暮春宴游“乐”。
人们都说《兰亭集序》是1篇美文。美是需要欣赏的,下面就请同学们找出自己喜欢的句子,并对它们进行赏析。
作者因何而乐? 良辰美景、赏心乐事。
(五)、乐极而“痛”因死生。
生活中常有这样一种现象:人快乐到极点时,常常会心情陡转直下,产生“痛(忧)从衷来”的感觉。作者在快乐的宴集上,感情产生了怎样的变化的? 由“信可乐”到“岂不痛”。
读第二小节,用文中原话回答作者“痛”从何来?
人之相与、俯仰一世;修短随化、终期于尽。——人生短暂。
向之所欣,俯仰之间、已为陈迹。——世事无常
兰亭集序说课稿【第四篇】
在中国书法史上,有一件谜一样的珍宝,它就是王羲之书写的《兰亭集序》。关于这幅绝世珍品的下落,传说很多,比较统一的说法是,它被唐太宗李世民带入了墓中。我们在责怪这位自私皇帝的同时,还能感到一丝欣慰,因为尚有唐朝书法家欧阳询、褚遂良等摹写的兰亭帖流传于世。我们在鉴赏书法美的同时,也不要忘了欣赏其文描写的兰亭胜景,品味作者在景中寄寓的人生哲理。下面就让我们一起学习千古名篇《兰亭集序》。
欣赏完插图后,再出示王羲之的其他书法作品,让学生直观感受其书法“飘若游云,矫如惊龙”的特点,同时简介作者和文章体裁特点,扩充学生的相关知识,完成教学目标(1)中对序文特点的了解。
通过播放课文朗诵带,让学生注意字音和语调、语气,初步感受〈〈兰亭集序〉〉的语言特色。听完录音后,再让学生齐声朗读一遍,教师相机作诵读指导,这一环节是教法和学法的落实。
由学生四人小组共同合作,结合课文下注释和工具书自主疏通文意,教师巡视点拨,比如第一段中的:
1、“永和九年,岁在癸丑,暮春之初,会于会稽山阴之兰亭,修禊事也。” 应掌握以下实词:
修:做。 禊事 :禊,一种祭礼。古时以三月上旬的“巳”日为修禊日。禊事,古代一种风俗,到水边洗濯、嬉游,并进行祈福消灾的仪式。
2、“群贤毕至,少长咸集。此处有崇山峻岭,茂林修竹,又有清流激湍,映带左右。”
毕:都。 咸:都 . 修:长、高。 映带:映衬,围绕。
3、“引以为流觞曲水,列坐其次,虽无丝竹管弦之盛,一觞一咏,亦足以畅叙幽情。”
引以为流觞曲水:引,引导。引(之),省略宾语“之”,清流激湍。流觞,把酒杯浮在水面上,循水而下,流于谁前,谁来取饮。曲水,引水环曲为渠。( 展示流觞曲水的图片资料)。
盛,盛大。 觞,古代喝酒的器具,这里解释为饮酒。(名词作动词)
咏,用诗词来赞颂或叙述,指作诗。 以,来。
4、“是日也,天朗气清,惠风和畅。” 是,指示代词,这。 惠风,和风。
5、“仰观宇宙之大,俯察品类之盛,所以游目骋怀,足以极视听之娱,信可乐也。”
品类:指自然界的万物。 所以,用来。 极,穷尽。 娱,乐趣。 信,实在。
其余段落不一一赘述,此环节还可让学生找出难句相互讨论,讨论不决,推举一同学指出疑词难句,教师集中加以讲解。如此,教师重在点拨省时省力,学生积极参与,手脑并用。 此外,课文中出现的“流觞曲水”这样的字词学生理解可能有困难,所以展示课前准备的有关兰亭集会的图片资料,让学生直观感受文中自然美,并通过图文结合的形式,使原本枯燥的课变得生动有趣,使抽象的背景知识更为直观和便于理解。在欣赏的过程中,学生轻松的掌握了文言知识。这既完成了教学目标(1)(2)(3),同时又突破了重点难点,也是对学法的落实。
对小组合作疏通文意的情况进行总结,布置作业:(1)熟读课文,找出作者感情变化的线索,(2)归纳文中文言知识,完成课后练习二。第一课时的作业重积累,对基础差的学生必不可少,又培养学生对知识的归纳整理能力;同时通过反复的朗读,让学生自己去揣摩文章的妙处,为下节课鉴赏评价奠定基础。