美术教学计划小学【优推5篇】
【导读预览】此篇优秀范文“美术教学计划小学【优推5篇】”由阿拉题库网友为您整理分享,以供您参考学习之用,希望此篇资料对您有所帮助,喜欢就复制下载支持吧!
美术教学计划小学【第一篇】
1、隐含了美术的绘画知识和技能,但在选的教学内容里,却以一种趣味的操作和活动中体现出来的。使学生了解到美术的实用性,也培养了学生的仔细地观察事物的习惯。
2、虽然是二册教材已经涉足了很多形式,特别是多种材料的运用,从小让学生知道,美术不只是绘画一种形式。
3、让学生了解到美术的目的是表现自己身边生活的事。
4、记忆和联想思维这是美术中所需要的特质,从小加以培养本册也有所重点体现。
学生通过第一学期的学习在美术的造型和技能和习惯方面都有所形成,但还需加强学生的仔细观察、细致表现、想象、动手制作的能力。
1、尝试不同工具,用纸以及身边容易找到的各种媒材,通过看看、画画、做做等方法大胆、自由地把所见所闻、所感所想的事物表现出来,体验造型活动的乐趣。
2、尝试不同工具,用身边容易找到的各种媒材,通过看看、想想、画画、做做等方法进行简单组合和装饰,体验设计制作活动的乐趣。
3、观赏自然和各类美术作品的形与色,能用简短的话语大胆表达自己的感受。
4、采用造型游戏的方式进行无主题或有主题的想象、创作、表演和展示。
(一)造型、表现
1、在美术游戏中体验各种绘画工具和不同材料的使用效果,认识常用颜色。
2、在美术表现活动中,大胆地采用各种造型方式,并借助语言表达自己的想法。
3、尝试使用各种线条、形状和色彩进行绘画表现活动。
4、通过各种方式的实物拓印,产生肌理,获得视觉和触角的感受。
5、用黏土等可塑性材料,通过揉、搓、压、捏、切挖和堆塑等方法进行简单器皿和动物形象的造型。
6、用单色、彩色纸以及废旧画报、挂历,采用折、剪、撕、拼贴等方法进行平面造型,表现生活中观察到的事物或想象中的事物。
3、以游戏的方式,用单色或彩色纸,采用折、剪、撕等方法进行平面造型为主的练习。
4、安全地使用材料和工具。
(二)欣赏、评述
1、走出教室,观赏校园和所在地的景色。
2、欣赏自己和同学创作的美术作品。
3、了解、欣赏我国民间美术作品,感受造型和色彩的特点。
4、通过观摩录像、画册,对中外优秀的卡通艺术形象进行欣赏和讨论。
5、到阅览室翻阅画册,观看学生美术作品,找出最喜爱的一件作品,并说明理由。
6、欣赏木偶戏和皮影戏的人物造型,通过录像或实地观看木偶或皮影戏的表演片段。
7、欣赏中外画家描绘儿童生活的美术作品。
(三)综合、探索
1、利用各种材料特点,采用造型游戏的方式表现出自己的想象,创作出艺术作品,并发表自己的感受。
2、结合语文、音乐等学科内容进行美术创作,共同设计、布置学生美术作业展览或美化教室。
3、根据儿歌、童话设计和制作头饰或面具等,并表演舞蹈、童话剧等。
4、用各种材料制作小型商品,并布置成小小超市,模拟商品交易过程。
1、审美性原则:把审美教育作为主线贯串教学全过程,通过对自然美、生活美、艺术美的感受和表现,陶冶学生的情操;培养学生的审美情趣。
2、思想性原则:发掘教材内在的思想性,在教学的内容与形式中有机地融进思想品德教育。
3、量力性原则:教学内容和方法应适合小学生的生理、心理发展特点,浅显易学,循序渐进,逐步提高学生的美术素质。
4、创造性原则:充分发挥学生的想象力,启发、鼓励学生的创造性。
5、实践性原则:联系学生的实际,理论讲述与操作训练相结合,充分使学生眼、手、脑协调并用。
6、趣味性原则:选择富有儿童情趣的教学内容,采用生动活泼的教学形式,激发和培养学生学习美术的兴趣。
7、因材施教原则:根据学生年龄特点和学生间个性的差异,在教学中注意面向全体学生的同时,要考虑个别超常学生与后进学生的情况,采取一般教育与个别知道相结合的方法。
第1周 画自己
第2周 长呀长
第3周 太阳
第4周 漂亮的瓶子
第5周 洗澡
第6周 船 手形的联想
第7周 狮子大王
第8周 可爱的动物
第9周 介绍我喜欢的玩具
第10周 春天的色彩
第11周 用春天的色彩装扮自己
第12周 我们身边的线条 下雨了
第13周 童话城堡
第14周 钓鱼 好吃的水果
第15周 伙伴
第16周 花的世界 巧扮石头
第17周 可爱的大熊猫 花鞋垫
第18周 假如我变小了
第19周 美术测试
美术教学计划小学【第二篇】
������ñ§ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ê¼ï¿½ë£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½û²ì£¬ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìºï¿½í¾ï¿½ï¿½,��í¬ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ä¡ï¿½îªï¿½ë¹á³¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµê©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½
����êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£¬ï¿½á³¹ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¹û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â¼æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�������꼶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ô½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¸ï¿½æ·ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ç¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ñ¬ï¿½õºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
����2�����ú¿î³ìµä¶ï¿½î»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ôºï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü´ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢æ½ì¨ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½é±¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�������������í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¿ï¿½ðµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ìºï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½ß²ï¿½îµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»î¶¯ï¿½ü°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ì¬ï¿½è¡ï¿½
����
����í¨ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½1���ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½2���������������������í»î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½ç¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ûµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½3��������������è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½é¾³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½í³ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôªï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
������òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â´«í³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ð¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íºí·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù¡ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½ï¿½ç£ï¿½ï¿½ô½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½
����
������ò»ï¿½à·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ �ú¶ï¿½ï¿½à·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö±ï¿½ó¸ï¿½öªîªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¹û·ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ �����෽�����������í»î¶¯îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡ï¿½ �����෽������������ì½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç·¢ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1���ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ë´´ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ãµï¿½ï¿½ô¿î¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿î£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¶îºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¥ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¸ä±ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¶ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½æºüºãµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó���ô´ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ä¸ä¸ï¿½ï¿½ë´´ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
����2�����ã½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����îªï¿½ë·ï¿½õ¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿îºï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ê±ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç»ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½è¤ï¿½âµèµè£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ý¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¢ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½é±¾ï¿½ï¿½ã»ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¯ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð±ë´ï¿½ö®ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ê¾ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é±¾ï¿½ï¿½ò»ð©ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ýµï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò¡ï¿½ï¿½ß³ï¿½ð£ô°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¡¢ï¿½ß½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½
����
美术教学计划小学【第三篇】
以新课程理念为指导,在全面实施新课程过程中,加大力度、教改力度,深化教学方法和学习方式的研究。正确处理改革与发展创新与质量的关系,继续探索符合新课程理念的小学美术理论联系实践的教学方式和自主化多操作学习方式。
三年级的学生经过两年多的学习认知的训练,已掌握了一些简单的基本绘画知识和技能,同时也具备了一定的辨别认知能力和创造力,但在绘画,动手过程中还缺乏大胆想象创造,这些方面有待提高。
通过观赏和各类美术作品的形与色,能用简单的话语大胆的表达自己的感受;启发学生感受并表现生活中的美好事物,从中体验生活的乐趣;帮助学生认识和使用常用色和点、线、面;了解基本美术语言的表达方式和方法;培养学生表达自己感受或意愿的能力,发展学生的空间知觉能力、形象记忆能力、形象记忆能力和创造能力。引导学生以个人或集体合作的方式参与欣赏、绘画、绘画创作等各种美术活动,尝试各种工具、材料和制作过程;以各种丰富多彩的活动方式丰富学生的视觉、触觉和审美经验;在美术活动过程中强调趣味性的美术学习,教学内容和活动方式要充分考虑开放性、立体性,培养学生的创新精神与实践能力,形成基本的美术素养。在美术活动的过程中,通过参与美术实践活动获得身心愉悦和持久兴趣;体验美术活动的乐趣,获得对美术学习的持久兴趣;能够表达自己的情感和思想,美化环境与生活。在美术学习的过程中激发创造精神,陶冶高尚的审美情操,完善人格。
我们都知道江西版教材内容丰富多彩贴近学生生活,系统性逻辑性都很强,在以上三册造型·表现领域的统计表中我们更能清楚的看到各个造型系列知识点的统一和提升,整个知识在循序渐进中程螺旋型上升的。
第六册在中年级段的承上启下作用比较明显,与第五册和第七册有着密切地联系。所以在把握造型·表现这一学习领域中我们更应该先跳出来思考:对于这个内容的学习,学生已经知道了什么,存在优势和不足是什么,教师又有什么可以利用的经验和要吸取的教训或要避免的问题;学习之后又要为后面的什么知识打下基础,又需要为学生的继续学习和发展延伸什么;在教学目标上又该是如何制定才能体现知识的上升和递进,用哪些具体的词语表述的会更准确更可测;在评价方面又如何根据学生的具体情况给出切合实际的真正促进学生发展的评价。这样用整体解读方法来梳理教材,才能使我们的课堂更加高效,我们的知识传输更加通畅和系统。
1、通过有趣的美术表现和欣赏活动,激发学生学习兴趣。 2、运用多种材料和工具,进行绘画和简单工具制作。 3、培养学生空间知觉,形象记忆,创造等能力。
1、在绘画中要求大胆想象,用色大胆较真实,造型较生动自然。
2、在手工制作中培养其动手制作的精神,动手的协同性,在以纸为主学习材料制作的简单建筑模型中培养空间想象力。
1、努力钻研教材,认真学习教学大纲,加强自身学习,不断提高自身素质。
2、做好课前准备,精心制作教具。
3、运用现代远程教学手段,培养学生绘画兴趣。 4、充分展示图片,作品等教学手段,教师加以示范。
美术教学计划小学【第四篇】
美术教育在培养人的艺术素质方面,尤其在培养学生的审美感受能力、形象思维能力、创造表现能力,在启迪心智、陶冶情操、发展个性和提高品格修养方面有其独特的功能。美术课堂教学要重视激发学生学习美术的兴趣,寓知识、技能于兴趣之中;淡化画种,以造型要术为基础,鼓励和指导学生灵活运用造型要术及其规律,培养创新意识;培养学生运用造型要素与不同的媒介、用不同的方法来重新组合或进行创造的综合能力;学习运用形式美的规律来欣赏、表现、应用为一体,注重美术学科与其他学科的相互渗透。
本学期课程内容有四大主线构成,即造型要素、情意要素、造型广场、美术欣赏。
1、造型要素
是解决知识和技能的重要途径。分别安排在第一单元“滚印真有趣”——美妙的痕迹和印印画画,目的教学生用滚筒滚印,激发学生选择自己喜欢的工具和颜色表现主题。
2、情意要素
在这册中有两个单元表现,分别是第三单元“我的好伙伴”和第五单元“给我捎个信”,其中“给我捎个信”通过制作简单的通讯设备如:电话,邮票等引发学生的制作兴趣。而“我的好伙伴”已经不局限与画人,教材从设计生活日常用品着手,调动学生绘画表现热情。
3、造型广场
有电脑、纸立体、纸玩具和泥工等。这部分教学属拓展型教材。做泥工依然以小动物为主,进一步锻炼学生的动手制作能力。
4、美术欣赏
本教材欣赏部分安排了一些国内外画家笔下的动物,有旧时器时代的,近代的,现代的,涉及的国家也很多,通过欣赏让他们更加热爱生活,热爱小动物,培养他们的爱心。
美术教学计划小学【第五篇】
����
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»
����1��ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó»µä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öµï¿½ï²ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
����2����ó²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¼òµ¥¶ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¡£
����3������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½æ½í¿îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������������
����1��ñ§ï°ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à¹¤ï¿½ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½è¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2����ëºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û¡ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½í¼ï¿½î¡ï¿½
����3�����å¡ï¿½ï¿½ê¡¢ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµè·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½à¹¤ä£ï¿½í¡ï¿½
��������������
����1��������è¤ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¡£
����2�����í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ä¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�����í¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½
����
������ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½øµã£º
����1����ë®ï¿½ê±ê»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ½í¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¶ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ê·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´óµ¨¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����2��������ö½ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����3��ñ§ï°ï¿½ã·ñ²ï¿½ï¿½ï½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ï¿½
����4�����í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ðµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¼°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ñµã£º
����1���ú»æ»ñµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þ·á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´óµ¨¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¡ï¿½
����2���ú¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß£ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������í¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
�������꼶��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç°ò»ñ§ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð©ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ç¿ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ê±ï¿½ô¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
������ò²ï¿½ð´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£º
����1��ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»æ»ï¿½ï¹ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²î£¬é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·å²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ì¬ï¿½è²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¸ï¿½ï¿½
����2�����������ï¾ï¿½ï¸ï¿½è²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²î¡£
����3���å¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì«ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� ��ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµè£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� òªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¹ï¿½í¼ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½óµ¨¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¿ï¿½ï¿½å£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµö®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½á¡£
����
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§30��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½5��ê±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü½á¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½2��ê±ï¿½ï¿½
����
��������
������ê±
������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
�����ì¾ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� �����ë½â¡¶ì¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡·µä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úºï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
����2�� ����ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� �����ô¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����4�� ê¼òµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºí¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í£ï¿½ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö»æ»ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½í¹ï¿½ï¿½õ±ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
�����ñµã£º ��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµã£¬ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½í¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼òµ¥»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� �����ã²ï¿½í¬é«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ö»ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
����3�� ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ùºí³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºö¸ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è·ï¿½ä¹û²ì·½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºê¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ö¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì²ï¿½ï¿½ð¹øµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ë®ï¿½ê±ê¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
����
����1�� ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å»¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ��ç¿ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó£¬»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡±ï¿½ã·¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é»³ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������å¶ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¿ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����������ç°ï¿½î¹û»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ê±ê¡ï¿½
����
����1�� ������û²ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� ���������ë»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¿ªê¼ï¿½ï¿½è¥ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä°ï¿½ï¿½ø¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºòªï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ü»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡±ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
��������ë®ï¿½ê±ê¡ï¿½
����
����1�� �ã¼òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë»æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¡£
����2�� �������������幹í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½æ·ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï½ú¿î¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡±ï¿½ä½ï¿½ñ§òªï¿½ó£¬¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½çµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó»¡ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½úµä±ï¿½ï¿½åºí»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½æ¬ï¿½ï¿½
��������ë®ï¿½ê±ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
��������
������ê±
��������å¶ï¿½ï¿½ ñ§ ä¿ ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
�����ì¾ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×°ï¿½î¡ï¿½
����2�� ��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð»ï¿½ã¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£º1������í¼ï¿½â¡£
����2�����ûºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ã¿ï¿½ë¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å´ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� ñ§ï°ï¿½å·ï¿½ö½å¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½ò»ö»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·ï¿½ö½å¼ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·ï¿½ö½å¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼î¬ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ���ã±ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½þµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¸»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡£
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½è¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ã¡£
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½î´ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ¡£
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������å·â£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�� ����ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æµä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� ����æ¼òµ¥µä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ����ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½à£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï°ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµä±ï¿½ï¿½ì¡£
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½æ¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����������ãµï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½åºï¿½ï¿½êµï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1�����ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ³ï¿½êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ûµï¿½è¹ï¿½ó¡ï¿½
����2��������ê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£º×¢ï¿½ï¿½è¹ï¿½óµä½á¹¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö³ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ì¡¢ï¿½ç¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¹ï¿½úµè¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¹ï¿½ïµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é«ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¡ï¿½
������ö½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¹ï¿½óµï¿½ð¡ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1������ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¡ï¿½
����2������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô£ï¿½ï¿½ò´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ì¬ï¿½è¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºñ§ï°ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¼¶ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ð§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµ½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å¡ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ï¿½ë³ï¿½ò£¬¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê²ã´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ãµï¿½ñ§ï°ì¬ï¿½è¡ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������ç¦ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
��������
������ê±
������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
�����ì¾ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1��ñ§ï°ï¿½òµ¥µï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½õ³ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ß¡ï¿½
����2�������������ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3������í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ôµï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü±ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ø½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¦ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ßµï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½
����������ö½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½
����
����1�� ���������ü¼ï¿½ï¿½ö²ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ì¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�� ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµä³é±ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ç¹û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î£¬ì½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����3�� ����ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½äºï¿½æ·ï¿½â¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òª×¢ï¿½ï¿½î²ï¿½íµä°ú¶ï¿½ï¿½ä»¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¶ï¿½ï¿½ð²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½û²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½üµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½×´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ü¹ï¿½í¼ï¿½ï¿½ê±¾ï¿½ï¿½
��������ë®ï¿½ê±ê£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê¡ï¿½
����
����1����ä¡ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡±ï¿½é»ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï²ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2�������ã»æ»ï¿½ä·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¹ï¿½ï¿½âµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ú¼òµ¥µä»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë¼â·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ê½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ¡ï¿½î±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¡ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô�������êµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ù´ï¿½ï¿½ì£¬ê¹ï¿½ï¿½æ·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¯è¤ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¡·ï¿½â¹ê»ï¿½ï¿½é±¾ï¿½ï¿½
�����������湤�ߡ�
����
����1��ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½û´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������û¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ì¾«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½á¶¯ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½òªï¿½ï¿½ò»ë«ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½éµï¿½ï¿½ö¡ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î´¬ï¿½ä¹ï¿½ï¿½ì¡ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½û£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ð½ï¿½ê¦òªí¨ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½å·ï¿½ûµï¿½òªï¿½ì¡£
������ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö½ï¿½ï¿½ï´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è£¬ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1��ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ã·ï¾é²ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú¡ï¿½ï¿½î¡¢ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó¡ï¿½æ´ï¿½ï¿½õ³ï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ò»ö»ï¿½ü¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ë®ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½áµ¹ï¿½ï¿½ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3�������îªï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½è¤ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµï¿½ñ¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½íµï¿½è·ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é£¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½îªï¿½ä¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ê¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä£ï¿½ï¿½
��������ð¡ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¾ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é°ö½ï¿½è¡ï¿½
��������
������ê±
������ñ§ä¿ï¿½ï¿½
������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñµï¿½
�����ì¾ï¿½×¼ï¿½ï¿½
����
����1����������ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ð¹ø´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½öªê¶ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ô¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����2��í¨ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ðµä´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½õ¹ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
����3���������è°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½î´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¾è¤ï¿½ï¿½
�����øµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ó»µï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����ñµã£ºï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ïµä±ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ñ§ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ä´ï¿½ï¿½â¾ï¿½ï¿½ñ£¬¼è¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ò»ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½
�����õ¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ö´ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½í¼æ¬ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¡ï¿½
����
����ñ§ï°ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ìµä¼ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ú½ï¿½ê¦ï¿½ï¿½ö¸ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½â£ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½é¹ï¿½ï¿½ìµï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½ï¿½