ted英语演讲稿【精选5篇】
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经典TED英语演讲稿【第一篇】
In 20xx — not so long ago — a professor who was then at Columbia University took that case and made it [Howard] Roizen. And he gave the case out, both of them, to two groups of students. He changed exactly one word: "Heidi" to "Howard." But that one word made a really big difference. He then surveyed the students, and the good news was the students, both men and women, thought Heidi and Howard were equally competent, and that's bad news was that everyone liked Howard. He's a great guy. You want to work for him. You want to spend the day fishing with him. But Heidi? Not so sure. She's a little out for herself. She's a little 're not sure you'd want to work for her. This is the complication. We have to tell our daughters and our colleagues, we have to tell ourselves to believe we got the A, to reach for the promotion, to sit at the table, and we have to do it in a world where, for them, there are sacrifices they will make for that, even though for their brothers, there are not. The saddest thing about all of this is that it's really hard to remember this. And I'm about to tell a story which is truly embarrassing for me, but I think important.
ted中文演讲稿【第二篇】
尊敬的各位领导、各位姐妹们：
大家好！
盼望已久的新世纪第十四个“三八”妇女节，伴随着春天的脚步来到了我们身边。首先感谢医院领导对我们女职工的关心和爱护，并用这种形式，让我们欢聚一堂，共同庆祝三八妇女节。
我和在座的许多姐妹们一样，每天身穿护士服，头戴燕尾帽穿梭于病房和患者之间，重复着打针、发药、量体温、测血压等繁琐而又精细的护理工作，不分春夏秋冬，不分白天黑夜，履行着一名平凡护理工作者神圣职责。光阴如梭，回首自己几年来在护理岗位上度过的日日夜夜，所做的点点滴滴感慨万千……
转眼间，四年过去了，几年来我深深地体会到平凡的工作中处处有着感动。记得有一次为一名重症患者做护理时，不能开口说话的病人忽然吃力得举起手在空中比画着什么，我看不明白他想要说什么。当我把纸和笔递到他手里时，他在纸上歪歪扭扭写下“谢谢！”两个字时，我感动得难以用语言来形容。
20--年的护士节，我意外地收到了我曾经护理过的一位患者写来的贺卡，说了很多表扬和鼓舞的话。我不记得曾为这位老人做过什么，也不曾想到他会记住我的名字，看着写的满满的两页贺卡，我的心里不只是感动，还有深深的思考。我们是很平凡的，平凡的就象小草，小草虽小，但是也能铺满辽阔无垠的大草原。在我们葱郁的精神田园里，还有什么坚实的东西可成为心灵的依托呢？
这四年的护理工作使我逐渐成长成熟。几年来我深深地体会到：护理工作在苦与累中描绘着高尚和奉献。当我看见那些患者把生命托付给我们那种无助的眼神时，当我看到自己用百倍的努力把一个生命垂危的患者从死亡线上拉来时，面对那些失而复得的生命，面对那些来之不易的欢笑，我就由衷地感到欣慰，我要和房医的姐妹一道，立足本职，爱岗敬业，树立全心全意为人民服务的思想，要为人民的身心健康保驾护航。
我生活在医院这个大家庭里是幸运的，也是幸福的，在领导和同事们的关心和帮助下，自己得到锻炼和成长，并于20--年11月份荣幸的被任用为综合二病区护士长，这是领导及同志们对我的信任和肯定，新的岗位也赋予了我更多的责任，我也更加深切地意识到，我不仅仅是一名普通的房医职工，而且代表了一种新生力量和中坚力量。
我科现有职工14人，其中女职工12人，作为一个新成立的科室，科里护士人员少，技术力量薄弱，面临很多新情况，我和杜主任一同带动大家一起努力工作，带领护士姐妹们加班加点，尽最大努力适应新环境和新工作，经过一段时间的共同努力，科里工作很快顺利开展。为了提高护理质量，每天提前半小时进行晨会学习，加强“三基”理论知识学习和基础技能培训，使大家迅速提高了护理技能。三个月以来，无论是对在院患者的治疗护理、危重患者的抢救，还是对出院患者的指导及随访，各项工作都做得井然有序，受到了患者及家属的一致好评，温馨如家的科室使我们不仅看到了医患之间的和谐气氛，同时也看到了工作人员迸发出的积极向上，乐于奉献的精神风貌。虽然我们这个集体很年轻，但是我们有信心把工作干好，用我们的成绩来证明我们的实力。
尊敬的各位领导，亲爱的姐妹们，新年孕育着新希望，团结奋进预示着新发展。团结就是力量，只要我们房医的姐妹们团结一心，拧成一股绳，什么困难都阻挡不了我们前进的步伐！一张没有痕迹的白纸才能画出最美的风景，我们站在新的起跑线上，让我们在院领导的正确领导下，振奋精神，开拓进取，不断开创新局面，努力创造新业绩，充分发挥“半边天”的作用，让我们与医院同发展、共进? 而那年的三月，白雁翅低仍重飞，黄鹂舌涩未成语，纵使是旷世迁客骚人也难揄扬曾经这如仙境般的美景。他们的眼中只是，泥上飘零许多愁，落水边花未随流；只是，感时残花溅血泪，恨别憔鸟惊恨心。那年，国家天下，内外忧患，人心惶惶。那年，朝廷政权摇摇欲坠，动荡不安，眼看着这曾经盛世民族如今将逢灭顶之灾。
那年，朝中，权臣当道，把持朝政。新帝幼小，是非不分。边境，四面临敌，千里报急。朝廷却迟迟不肯发兵救援。守边大将叶护一人难敌万众，被困敌军，生死未卜。权臣说服幼帝让将军之子叶寒下洛阳，寻找传说中的绝世宝剑，传说，“宝剑一出，无与争锋，以一敌万，救民水火。”
那年，叶寒来到洛阳。
阴沉沉的风刮过洛阳边界，天空中有无数只鸟雀盘旋哀鸣，浓烈的悲哀从叶寒狼眼般狭长深邃的眼睛中渐渐渗出。突逢家变，年少的他，挑起家主的负担。背负国仇，无援的他，担起救国的重任。谁来怜惜，这个昔日冷漠倔犟的少年。多日的跋涉，身心双疲的他，两眼一黑，重重的倒在地上，晕了过去。
不知多久，褥席上，叶寒躺着，嘴角微微上扬，不知他在梦中遇到了谁。微瞬间，叶寒醒了。睁开眼，发现自己躺在一张干净的床上，身边是一个清秀的少年。
“我是言幽，是我救了你。你的身体很弱，需要休息。”少年对着叶寒说。
“嗯？恩！”话虽短，却是温暖。叶寒笑了，这种感觉好像父亲。
“来，喝药。”黑黢黢的药水，泛着波痕。叶寒斜觑着言幽，那双眼睛似乎与梦中的人影重叠，一样的光彩熠熠，似夜空中的星，折射出柔和的颜色，却带着点点忧愁。
“父亲……”叶寒低头不知在自语什么。
（二）
数月过去，天地景物，宛若迷雾。山涧四季，水面涟漪，草际烟光，月下花容，杲杲云彩，风中飘逸。那天晚上，赤橙色的星辰点缀着墨蓝色的天空，夜弥漫着温馨的颜色。那天山上，磷光莹莹，萤火虫闪着模糊地绿光，连缀起一片绿色，好似夜空的倒影，迷茫而又清晰。言幽突然开口道：“你，想要什么？”
叶寒眉头不见任何波澜，默默注视夜空许久，方回声：“我要找到宝剑，复兴我朝。”意气勃发，“我要救父亲，我的父亲……”黯然泣下，声音渐小，一抽一噎。
“男儿有泪不轻弹，不要哭。”言幽的声音庄重有威严，“我们会救出来的。”
“嗯。”叶寒望着像似父亲的眼神，颔首一点，渐渐凝神，双眉紧蹙，脆弱的脸上浮现如山般坚毅，如月般冷漠倔强。
又是长时间的沉默。
言幽突然又道“生在乱时，是我们的不幸。但，国破山在，城春草木，只待烟雨，雨润如舒。逢在痛时，是我们的不甘，但，宝剑锋从磨砺出。是英雄，终显本色，仗剑纵路，才是漫游名山的铮铮傲骨。即使，一把锈迹斑驳的剑。”
“是！”叶寒铿锵有力的回答。
搁浅的记忆一点点尘封重启，叶寒的脑海闪烁嘶嘶火光：
“哟，这不是言幽吗？怎么，又出来行骗了。害人还没害够吗？”每每这声音如刺般在叶寒的脑中回旋。
“我不是。”言幽的声音急促响起，却惜在人们的嬉笑中，反驳声消失在人海。他的眉角是落寞，是忧愁，是痛恨，是不甘。
叶寒懂了，他知道言幽如同自己有不堪回首的过去，有自己的痛，有自己的殇，一直，深深埋在内心最深处。叶寒明了，他知道言幽在等待属于自己的命轮，等待有一天自己俯看天下。
“那你呢？”叶寒道。
“我。呵呵，我枉费一生医术。哼，终有一天，我会站在颠峰，让天下的人都知道我言幽是何等的医术高超。”双拳紧握，眉角是坚毅，是凝重。
“可为何他们不信，他们宁愿死也不信，我说他们喝的符汤有毒，不能喝。他们不听，喝了，死了人，还怪罪于我，说我得罪神明，神明降罪，害他们惨? ”叶寒苦笑。在村里住了几月，渐渐的打听到言幽的事，他不能说什么，也不能做什么，他知道是村民的无知，可这有什么办法，村民信神明，不信言幽。每当他问村民言幽的事，他们总是咬牙切齿，恨不得噬其肉，饮其血。
是啊？为什么？我们只是少年，为何，为何？
黑夜总是会过去的，风如海啸席卷而过，划开黎明的光彩。
（三）
轻轻的用叹息掩埋疲惫，轻轻的用叹息远离血腥，轻轻的用叹息牵手，道一声“能行”，轻轻的用叹息别离殇时，流转命轮。已经一个月了，那天晚上的对话后，他们投身军营，开始了流离颠沛的生活。
叶寒没有再去找宝剑，没有再把希望全部寄托在宝剑上，他相信了言幽，要靠自己的双手赶走敌人，靠自己的努力救出父亲。他当小兵起，一步一步的向上。
黑夜漫长，轻轻阖眼，叶寒睡了。的人金袍战衣，意气奋发。金戈铁马，驰骋沙场。脸上，没有随着岁月的流失日渐沧桑。“寒儿……寒儿……”一遍遍的唤着。梦中的叶寒突然紧皱眉头，不安的梦魇缠着他，“不要……血……父亲……”。
白帐撩起，言幽站在了床前，“醒醒，醒醒。”言幽摇动着叶寒的身躯，轻轻拍打叶寒的脸。叶寒睁开眼，短短一瞬，“言幽，谢谢你。”言幽只是浅浅的一笑。他也从军了，当了军医。叶寒看着瞬即而逝的笑容，想起梦中的一幕，父亲被困，齐唰唰的剑砍到他身上，他心悸了。“没事，只是噩梦。”言幽淡淡地说。叶寒看着类似父亲眼睛，轻轻点了点头。
鼓角声暮霭中响起，无数将士战场中撕杀，满地血流，殷红一片。一个，两个，不停的倒下。几天几夜的撕杀，将士们累到了极点。这几天几夜，将士们打退敌人的一轮又一轮的突袭，今天，成功了。躺在沙地上，将士们欣慰地露出了笑容，他们没有死，活着，见到了黎明的期盼。军旗飘扬，旗下，一黑一白。黑色铠甲，白色军袍，如今，他们成就了未来。
不败少年将军叶寒，绝世军营神医言幽，他们，生死阔契。烹羊宰牛战场为乐，风萧萧兮畅行天涯。
霎时，他们名声响彻大江南北，震撼一时多少豪杰。
霎时，敌人闻风丧胆望风而逃，卷起多少千堆风雪。
千古江山踏歌恒飞，寻常巷陌风雨共济。秋牡丹满盛中，他们带着凌人的傲慢，紫陌红尘中，日久弥香。花海中，轻转罗盘，旋开了通往盛世的大道。
（四）
风尘扬，金夕消。
蹄声，塞满了天与地。
蹄声骤聚，一黑一白，在苍黄的日影下浮动。他们，骑着马，奔腾。
胜利的那天，叶寒救出了父亲。站在敌军营前，叶寒的心，久久不能平息。一颤一颤的。“爹。”喊出了多少天的期盼，多少天的痛楚。“太好了，真是太好了！”叶寒欢呼，露出少年的天真。言幽一旁站着，露出了浅浅的微笑，他由衷的高兴：“是太好了，是太好了！”堇色的余辉下拉长了三人的身影。
金黄的沙翻滚，马背上的两个少年望着火红的远方，望着曾经敌寇猖狂的地方，一串泪，一串泪辛酸的泪，一串泪至死也不会凝竭的泪，粉碎在金黄的尘沙上，粉碎着重重叠叠的昨日，屈辱的昨日，殇痛的昨日。他们流出了一个笑容，流出了一个皇家的未来，流出了命轮的流转。
他们，放长了僵绳，让马蹄缓缓敲响前行的路。“驾”鞭马声响起，沙场上淡淡的身影渐渐拉长，一点一点浅去……
“阿寒，你说那些村民会相信我吗？”
“会，一定会的。”
……
晨初
经典TED英语演讲稿【第三篇】
I want to start by doing an experiment. I'mgoing to play three videos of a rainy day. But I've replaced the audio of oneof the videos, and instead of the sound of rain, I've added the sound of baconfrying. So I want you think carefully which one the clip with the bacon is.
我想用一个实验来开始我的演讲。我将给你们播放三段雨天的视频。不过我把其中一个视频里的 音频换成了别的，它不再是下雨的声音，变成了煎培根的声音。我想让你们认真听，找出哪个视频里是煎培根声。
Raise your hand if you've ever been asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?"
如果你们曾被问过这个问题，请举手“你长大之后想干什么？”
Now if you had to guess, how old would you say you were when you were first asked this question? You can just hold up fingers. Three. Five. Three. Five. Five. OK. Now, raise your hand if the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" has ever caused you any anxiety.
现在大家回想一下，你们第一次被问这个问题是多大？你们可以举手指头来示意一下。三岁，五岁，三岁，五岁，五岁，好的。接下来，如果刚刚说的这个问题，“你长大之后想干什么？”曾经让你感到焦虑，请举手。
Any anxiety at all.
哪怕一点点焦虑。
I'm someone who's never been able to answer the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?"
我永远无法回答这个问题，“你长大之后想干什么？”
See, the problem wasn't that I didn't have any interests -- it's that I had too many. In high school, I liked English and math and art and I built websites and I played guitar in a punk band called Frustrated Telephone Operator. Maybe you've heard of us.
并不是说我没有兴趣爱好，而是我的兴趣爱好太多。高中的时候，我喜欢英语、数学和艺术，建过网站在一个叫“失意电话话务员”的朋克乐队当吉他手。也许你们还听说过我们乐队呢。
This continued after high school, and at a certain point, I began to notice this pattern in myself where I would become interested in an area and I would dive in, become all-consumed, and I'd get to be pretty good at whatever it was, and then I would hit this point where I'd start to get bored. And usually I would try and persist anyway, because I had already devoted so much time and energy and sometimes money into this field. But eventually this sense of boredom, this feeling of, like, yeah, I got this, this isn't challenging anymore -- it would get to be too much. And I would have to let it go.
高中毕业后我也依旧兴趣广泛，某一天，我发现自己有一个行为模式，我会对某一个领域感兴趣，然后一头扎进去，认真钻研，变得越来越擅长，但到了某一个阶段，我就会开始觉得无聊。通常我会继续坚持下? 但是最终这种无聊的感觉，就像在说，哦，这事我已经会了，已经没有任何挑战了，再继续也不会有多大成就了。我必须要放手。
But then I would become interested in something else, something totally unrelated, and I would dive into that, and become all-consumed, and I'd be like, "Yes! I found my thing," and then I would hit this point again where I'd start to get bored. And eventually, I would let it go. But then I would discover something new and totally different, and I would dive into that.
但之后我可能又会对另一些事感兴趣，跟之前完全不同的领域，我又会一头扎进去，认真钻研，然后说，“太棒了！这就是我的菜！”之后我又会达到那个阶段，开始觉得无聊。最后，我又会放弃。 之后我又会发现新的兴趣，不同的领域 然后一头扎进去。
This pattern caused me a lot of anxiety, for two reasons. The first was that I wasn't sure how I was going to turn any of this into a career. I thought that I would eventually have to pick one thing, deny all of my other passions, and just resign myself to being bored. The other reason it caused me so much anxiety was a little bit more personal. I worried that there was something wrong with this, and something wrong with me for being unable to stick with anything. I worried that I was afraid of commitment, or that I was scattered, or that I was self-sabotaging, afraid of my own success.
这种模式让我非常焦虑，原因有两点。 一是我不确定 如何才能将这些兴趣变成我的职业。 我觉得自己最终会从 （这些兴趣）里面挑一个，而对其他爱好忍痛割爱， 做好将来一定会无聊的心理准备。 让我非常焦虑的第二个原因， 跟我自身有关。 我担心自己的这种行为模式是错的， 自己这么朝三暮四，是不是错了。我是不是害怕做出承诺， 或者自由散漫，破罐子破摔， 惧怕成功。
If you can relate to my story and to these feelings, I'd like you to ask yourself a question that I wish I had asked myself back then. Ask yourself where you learned to assign the meaning of wrong or abnormal to doing many things. I'll tell you where you learned it: you learned it from the culture.
如果你能理解我的故事和我的感受，请你们问自己一个问题，这个问题我早就该问自己的。就是，你是从哪里学到该如何判断我们的所作所为是错误的或者不正常的。 我来告诉你答案： 是从我们的文化中学到的。
We are first asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" when we're about five years old. And the truth is that no one really cares what you say when you're that age.
我们第一次被问到“你长大之后想干什么？”是在差不多五岁的时候。其实像你那么大的时候没有人会真的关心你说了什么。
It's considered an innocuous question, posed to little kids to elicit cute replies, like, "I want to be an astronaut," or "I want to be a ballerina," or "I want to be a pirate." Insert Halloween costume here.
这仅仅是一个无伤大雅的问题，为的是让小朋友做出可爱的回应，比如，“我想当宇航员”，或者“我想当芭蕾舞演员”，或者“我想当海盗”。此处应加万圣节服装的特效。
But this question gets asked of us again and again as we get older in various forms -- for instance, high school students might get asked what major they're going to pick in college. And at some point, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" goes from being the cute exercise it once was to the thing that keeps us up at night. Why?
然而这个问题，在我们成长的过程中会不断被问到形式多种多样，比如，高中生会被问到，你们在大学准备选什么专业。突然有一天， “你长大之后想干什么？” 从原本一种秀可爱的方式 变成了让我们寝食难安的难题。为什么会这样？
See, while this question inspires kids to dream about what they could be, it does not inspire them to dream about all that they could be. In fact, it does just the opposite, because when someone asks you what you want to be, you can't reply with 20 different things, though well-meaning adults will likely chuckle and be like, "Oh, how cute, but you can't be a violin maker and a psychologist. You have to choose."
尽管这个问题鼓励小朋友想象自己将来要做什么，但它并未给小朋友充分想象的自由。恰恰相反，它限制了小朋友想象的自由，因为有人问你长大后想做什么，你不可能回答20种不同的职业，尽管有些善良的大人会笑呵呵地说，“哦，你太可爱了，但是你不能同时成为小提琴制作家和心理学家啊。你必须选一个。”
This is Dr. Bob Childs -- and he's a luthier and psychotherapist. And this is Amy Ng, a magazine editor turned illustrator, entrepreneur, teacher and creative director. But most kids don't hear about people like this. All they hear is that they're going to have to choose. But it's more than that. The notion of the narrowly focused life is highly romanticized in our culture. It's this idea of destiny or the one true calling, the idea that we each have one great thing we are meant to do during our time on this earth, and you need to figure out what that thing isand devote your life to it.
这位是鲍勃·柴尔兹博士，他是一名弦乐器工匠和心理医生。这位是艾米·恩，之前是杂志编辑，后? 但大部分孩子都没听说过他们。他们听到的只是要他们进行选择和取舍。 事情远不止这么简单。 一生都心无旁骛的这一观念， 在我们的文化中被过分浪漫化了。 这种命运论或者说 “命中注定的职业”的概念， 意思是我们每个人都有一份 命中注定的伟大事业，我们需要找到它， 并为之奋斗一生。
But what if you're someone who isn't wired this way? What if there are a lot of different subjects that you're curious about, and many different things you want to do? Well, there is no room for someone like you in this framework. And so you might feel alone. You might feel like you don't have a purpose. And you might feel like there's something wrong with you. There's nothing wrong with you. What you are is a multipotentialite.
但如果你不是这样的人呢？如果你对很多事都有好奇心，想去尝试各种各样的职业呢？那么在现有体系中，你很难有容身之处。你也许会感到孤独。你也许会觉得自己没有目标。你也许会觉得自己是不是有问题。你没有问题。你是一名“多重潜力者”。
A multipotentialite is someone with many interests and creative pursuits. It's a mouthful to say. It might help if you break it up into three parts: multi, potential, and ite. You can also use one of the other terms that connote the same idea, such as polymath, the Renaissance person. Actually, during the Renaissance period, it was considered the ideal to be well-versed in multiple disciplines. Barbara Sher refers to us as "scanners." Use whichever term you like, or invent your own. I have to say I find it sort of fitting that as a community, we cannot agree on a single identity.
“多重潜力者”拥有多种兴趣并且追求创新。听起来很费解吧。如果把它拆成三部分可能比较好理解：多重的，有潜力的，人。你也可以用其他词来表述类似的意思，比如“博学者”，或者“文艺复兴者”。实际上，在文艺复兴时代，精通多个学科是非常被推崇的。芭芭拉·谢尔称我们为“扫描仪”。你可以选择一个自己喜欢的词，或者创造一个新的。我感觉自己找到了组织，因为我们无法接受只有一种身份。
It's easy to see your multipotentiality as a limitation or an affliction that you need to overcome. But what I've learned through speaking with people and writing about these ideas on my website, is that there are some tremendous strengths to being this way. Here are three multipotentialite super powers.
人们很容易把多重潜力视为一种局限或者痛苦，需要克服。但我通过与人们交流，以及把这些观点发到我的网站上，我发现多重潜力者有很多优点。多重潜力者拥有三种“超能力”。
One: idea synthesis. That is, combining two or more fields and creating something new at the Hwang and Rachel Binx drew from their shared interests in cartography, data visualization, travel, mathematics and design, when they founded Meshu. Meshu is a company that creates custom geographically-inspired jewelry. Sha and Rachel came up with this unique idea not despite, but because of their eclectic mix of skills and experiences. Innovation happens at the intersections. That's where the new ideas come from. And multipotentialites, with all of their backgrounds, are able to access a lot of these points of intersection.
第一是产生创意。就是说，结合两个或两个以上领域从结合处寻求创新。黄沙和瑞秋·宾克斯找到了共同的兴趣爱好，像制图，数据可视化，旅行，数学和设计，之后他们创办了Meshu。 Meshu是一家定制珠宝公司，专门制作具有地域特色的珠宝。黄沙和瑞秋之所以能产生这个独特的创意，正是因为他俩博学多才，经历丰富。创新来源于交叉处。新创意（大都）来源于此。而多重潜力者，拥有丰富的（知识）背景，能够在各领域交叉处找到突破点。
The second multipotentialite superpower is rapid learning. When multipotentialites become interested in something, we go hard. We observe everything we can get our hands on. We're also used to being beginners, because we've been beginners so many times in the past, and this means that we're less afraid of trying new things and stepping out of our comfort zones. What's more, many skills are transferable across disciplines, and we bring everything we've learned to every new area we pursue, so we're rarely starting from scratch.
多重潜力者的第二种超能力是快速学习。当多重潜力者对某件事产生兴趣时， 我们会全身心投入。 我们仔细观察，勤于实践。 我们已经习惯于当初学者，因为我们过去曾当过无数次初学者， 我们不怕尝试新事物， 勇于走出舒适区。 除此以外，很多能力在各个学科都是通用的， 我们将之前所学用于新领域， 而不用从零开始。
Nora Dunn is a full-time traveler and freelance writer. As a child concert pianist, she honed an incredible ability to develop muscle memory. Now, she's the fastest typist she knows.
诺拉·邓恩是一位全职旅行家和自由作家。作为一名儿童钢琴演奏家，她磨练出了非凡的能力来发展肌肉记忆。因此，她是她所有认识的人中打字最快的。
Before becoming a writer, Nora was a financial planner. She had to learn the finer mechanics of sales when she was starting her practice, and this skill now helps her write compelling pitches to editors. It is rarely a waste of time to pursue something you're drawn to, even if you end up quitting. You might apply that knowledge in a different field entirely, in a way that you couldn't have anticipated.
在当作家之前，诺拉是一名理财师。在初入这行的时候，她不得不学习一些高明的销售技巧，如今这项技能被她用来给编辑写精彩的推荐语。追求你感兴趣的东西并不是浪费时间，即使最后你并没有坚持到底。也许将来你会把这些知识用在一个完全不同的领域，用一种你完全预料不到的方式。
The third multipotentialite superpower is adaptability; that is, the ability to morph into whatever you need to be in a given situation. Abe Cajudo is sometimes a video director, sometimes a web designer, sometimes a Kickstarter consultant, sometimes a teacher, and sometimes, apparently, James Bond.
第三种“超能力”是适应性。 也就是说，如果有需要， 你能变成任何角色， 以适应不同的情况。 艾比·卡胡多有时候是视频导演， 有时候是网站设计师， 有时候是众筹顾问， 有时候是老师， 有时候，很明显，是詹姆斯·邦德。
He's valuable because he does good work. He's even more valuable because he can take on various roles,depending on his clients' needs. Fast Company magazine identified adaptability as the single most important skill to develop in order to thrive in the 21st century. The economic world is changing so quickly and unpredictably that it is the individuals and organizations that can pivot in order to meet the needs of the market that are really going to thrive.
他拥有出色的工作能力。更重要的是他可以随时切换自己的角色，来满足客户的需要。《快公司》杂志认为，要想在21世纪取得成功，适应性是最重要的一项技能。经济界的变化如此迅速且无法预测，那些能够根据市场需要进行调整的个人和公司才有可能取得成功。
Idea synthesis, rapid learning and adaptability: three skills that multipotentialites are very adept at, and three skills that they might lose if pressured to narrow their focus. As a society, we have a vested interest in encouraging multipotentialites to be themselves. We have a lot of complex, multidimensional problems in the world right now, and we need creative, out-of-the-box thinkers to tackle them.
产生创意，快速学习和适应性是多重潜力者非常擅长的三种能力，如果强迫他们缩小自己的关注范围，这三种能力也许就会丧失。作为一个社会，鼓励多重潜力者保持本色对我们有利。我们如今面临许多复杂问题，涉及许多方面， 我们需要有创意的、能破除思维定式的 思想者来解决这些问题。
Now, let's say that you are, in your heart, a specialist. You came out of the womb knowing you wanted to be a pediatric neurosurgeon. Don't worry -- there's nothing wrong with you, either.
我们假设，内心深处，你是一名专家。你从打娘胎里出来就知道你想当一名儿童神经外科医生。别担心，即使这样你也挺正常的。
In fact, some of the best teams are comprised of a specialist and multipotentialite paired together. The specialist can dive in deep and implement ideas, while the multipotentialite brings a breadth of knowledge to the project. It's a beautiful partnership. But we should all be designing lives and careers that are aligned with how we're wired. And sadly, multipotentialites are largely being encouraged simply to be more like their specialist peers.
事实上，一些顶尖团队就是由专家和多重潜力者搭配组成。专家可以深入研究，实践想法，而多重潜力者可以为项目带来更广泛的知识支持。这是一种美妙的合作。但是我们都应该根据自己的天赋来规划与之相适应的人生和职业。不幸的是，多重潜力者往往被要求成为（刚刚提到的）团队中的那个专家。
So with that said, if there is one thing you take away from this talk, I hope that it is this: embrace your inner wiring, whatever that may be. If you're a specialist at heart, then by all means, specialize. That is where you'll do your best work. But to the multipotentialites in the room, including those of you who may have just realized in the last 12 minutes that you are one --
所以，如果你从今天的演讲中学到了一件事的话，我希望会是： 接受你内心的真实想法。 如果你是专家型的人， 那就用尽一切办法，成为专家。你会干得非常不错。 但对于在座的多重潜力者们， 包括那些在过去的12分钟里 刚刚意识到自己是多重潜力者的人。
To you I say: embrace your many passions. Follow your curiosity down those rabbit holes. Explore your intersections. Embracing our inner wiring leads to a happier, more authentic life. And perhaps more importantly -- multipotentialites, the world needs you.
我要对你们说：接受你的众多爱好。保持你的好奇心。探索（不同领域的）交叉地带。让真实的自我引领我们去过更快乐、更真实的人生。也许更重要的是，（我们是）多重潜力者，这个世界需要我们。谢谢大家。
TED英语演讲稿【第四篇】
What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects, and that is the neuroscience of sleep.
Now, there is a sound -- (Alarm clock) -- aah, it worked -- a sound that is desperately, desperately familiar to most of us, and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock. And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does is stop the single most important behavioral experience that we have, and that's sleep. If you're an average sort of person, 36 percent of your life will be spent asleep, which means that if you live to 90, then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.
Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important. And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought. We throw it away. We really just don't think about sleep. And so what I'd like to do today is change your views, change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep. And the journey that I want to take you on, we need to start by going back in time.
"Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber." Any ideas who said that? Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Yes, let me give you a few more quotes. "O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse, how have I frighted thee?" Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it -- the Scottish play. [Correction: Henry IV, Part 2] (Laughter) From the same time: "Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together." Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.
But if we jump forward 400 years, the tone about sleep changes somewhat. This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century. "Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days." Bang. (Laughter) And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said, "Sleep is for wimps." And of course the infamous -- what was his name? -- the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said, "Money never sleeps."
What do we do in the 20th century about sleep? Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb to invade the night, and we occupied the dark, and in the process of this occupation, we've treated sleep as an illness, almost. We've treated it as an enemy. At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep, and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep as an illness that needs some sort of a cure. And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.
Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts? Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems. You don't eat. You don't drink. And you don't have sex. Well, most of us anyway. And so therefore it's -- Sorry. It's a complete waste of time, right? Wrong. Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology, and neuroscientists are beginning to explain why it's so very important. So let's move to the brain.
Now, here we have a brain. This is donated by a social scientist, and they said they didn't know what it was, or indeed how to use it, so -- (Laughter) Sorry. So I borrowed it. I don't think they noticed. Okay. (Laughter)
The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep, this thing doesn't shut down. In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active during the sleep state than during the wake state. The other thing that's really important about sleep is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain, but is to some extent a network property, and if we flip the brain on its back -- I love this little bit of spinal cord here -- this bit here is the hypothalamus, and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures, not least the biological clock. The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up, when it's good to be asleep, and what that structure does is interact with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus, the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei. All of those combine, and they send projections down to the brain stem here. The brain stem then projects forward and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here, with neurotransmitters that keep us awake and essentially provide us with our consciousness. So sleep arises from a whole raft of different interactions within the brain, and essentially, sleep is turned on and off as a result of a range of
Okay. So where have we got to? We've said that sleep is complicated and it takes 32 years of our life. But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about. So why do we sleep? And it won't surprise any of you that, of course, the scientists, we don't have a consensus. There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep, and I'm going to outline three of those.
The first is sort of the restoration idea, and it's somewhat intuitive. Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day, we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night. And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle, so that's, what, 2,300 years ago. It's gone in and out of fashion. It's fashionable at the moment because what's been shown is that within the brain, a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep, and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways. So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.
What about energy conservation? Again, perhaps intuitive. You essentially sleep to save calories. Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out. If you compare an individual who has slept at night, or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much, the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night. Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun. Now, I would say that a hot dog bun is kind of a meager return for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep. So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.
But the third idea I'm quite attracted to, which is brain processing and memory consolidation. What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task, and you sleep-deprive individuals, the ability to learn that task is smashed. It's really hugely attenuated. So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important. However, it's not just the laying down of memory and recalling it. What's turned out to be really exciting is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep. In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage. Sleeping at night enhances our creativity. And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain, those neural connections that are important, those synaptic connections that are important, are linked and strengthened, while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.
Okay. So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep, and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary, and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons. But sleep is not an indulgence. It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually. I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade from economy to business class, you know, the equiavlent of. It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class. The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep, you don't fly. Essentially, you never get there, and what's extraordinary about much of our society these days is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.
So let's now look at sleep deprivation. Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived, and let's look at our sleep-o-meter. So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us were getting around about eight hours of sleep a night. Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night, so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours-every-night league. For teenagers, it's worse, much worse. They need nine hours for full brain performance, and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep. It's simply not enough. If we think about other sectors of society, the aged, if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again, less than five hours a night. Shift work. Shift work is extraordinary, perhaps 20 percent of the working population, and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night. It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us. So when the poor old shift worker is going home to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired, the body clock is saying, "Wake up. This is the time to be awake." So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region. And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag. So who here has jet lag? Well, my goodness gracious. Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep, because that's what your brain is craving.
One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps, this involuntary falling asleep, and you have essentially no control over it. Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing, but they can also be deadly. It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life, and in the , the statistics are pretty good: 100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness, loss of vigilance, and falling asleep. A hundred thousand a year. It's extraordinary. At another level of terror, we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl and indeed the space shuttle Challenger, which was so tragically lost. And in the investigations that followed those disasters, poor judgment as a result of extended shift work and loss of vigilance and tiredness was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.
So when you're tired, and you lack sleep, you have poor memory, you have poor creativity, you have increased impulsiveness, and you have overall poor judgment. But my friends, it's so much worse than that.
(Laughter)
If you are a tired brain, the brain is craving things to wake it up. So drugs, stimulants. Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice across much of the Western world. Much of the day is fueled by caffeine, and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine. And of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants, and then of course it gets to 11 o'clock at night, and the brain says to itself, "Ah, well actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly. What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?" Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol. Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice, to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful. It can actually ease the sleep transition. But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep, a biological mimic for sleep. It sedates you. So it actually harms some of the neural proccessing that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall. So it's a short-term acute measure, but for goodness sake, don't become addicted to alcohol as a way of getting to sleep every night.
Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain. If you sleep around about five hours or less every night, then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese. What's the connection here? Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin, the hunger hormone. Ghrelin is released. It gets to the brain. The brain says, "I need carbohydrates," and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars. So there's a link between tiredness and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain.
Stress. Tired people are massively stressed. And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory, which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of. But stress is so much more. So if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem, but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem. So sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity, and so tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection, and there's some very good studies showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer. Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation. Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature and essentially you become glucose intolerant. Therefore, diabetes 2. Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure. So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss that are more than just a mildly impaired brain, which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.
So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think, well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep? So a quick show of hands. Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here? Oh. Well, that's pretty impressive. Good. We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.
So most of us, of course, ask the question, "Well, how do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?" Well, it's not rocket science. If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning, if you are taking a long time to get up, if you need lots of stimulants, if you're grumpy, if you're irritable, if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable, chances are you are sleep-deprived. Listen to them. Listen to yourself.
What do you do? Well -- and this is slightly offensive -- sleep for dummies: Make your bedroom a haven for sleep. The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can, and also make it slightly cool. Very important. Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure at least half an hour before you go to bed. Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep. What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed? We stand in a massively lit bathroom looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth. It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we went to sleep. Turn off those mobile phones. Turn off those computers. Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain. Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day, ideally not after lunch. Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed, but light exposure in the morning is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle. So seek out morning light. Basically, listen to yourself. Wind down. Do those sorts of things that you know are going to ease you off into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.
Okay. That's some facts. What about some myths?
Teenagers are lazy. No. Poor things. They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late, so give them a break.
We need eight hours of sleep a night. That's an average. Some people need more. Some people need less. And what you need to do is listen to your body. Do you need that much or do you need more? Simple as that.
Old people need less sleep. Not true. The sleep demands of the aged do not go down. Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust, but sleep requirements do not go down.
And the fourth myth is, early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Well that's wrong at so many different levels. (Laughter) There is no, no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early gives you more wealth at all. There's no difference in socioeconomic status. In my experience, the only difference between morning people and evening people is that those people that get up in the morning early are just horribly smug.
(Laughter) (Applause)
Okay. So for the last part, the last few minutes, what I want to do is change gears and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience, which is the association between mental health, mental illness and sleep disruption. We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness, there is always, always sleep disruption, but it's been largely ignored. In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again, they said, "Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia because they're on anti-psychotics. It's the anti-psychotics causing the sleep problems," ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously, sleep disruption had been reported before anti-psychotics.
So what's going on? Lots of groups, several groups are studying conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar, and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption. We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia, and the data were quite extraordinary. In those individuals with schizophrenia, much of the time, they were awake during the night phase and then they were asleep during the day. Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever. Their sleep was absolutely smashed. And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle. They were getting up later and later and later and later each night. It was smashed.
So what's going on? And the really exciting news is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated but they are physically linked within the brain. The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep, give you normal sleep, and those that give you normal mental health are overlapping. And what's the evidence for that? Well, genes that have been shown to be very important in the generation of normal sleep, when mutated, when changed, also predispose individuals to mental health problems. And last year, we published a study which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia, which, when mutated, also smashes the sleep. So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap between these two important systems.
Other work flowed from these studies. The first was that sleep disruption actually precedes certain types of mental illness, and we've shown that in those young individuals who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder, they already have a sleep abnormality prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar. The other bit of data was that sleep disruption may actually exacerbate, make worse the mental illness state. My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia in those individuals by 50 percent.
So what have we got? We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things. In terms of the neuroscience, by understanding the neuroscience of these two systems, we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness are generated and regulated within the brain. The second area is that if we can use sleep and sleep disruption as an early warning signal, then we have the chance of going in. If we know that these individuals are vulnerable, early intervention then becomes possible. And the third, which I think is the most exciting, is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain as a new therapeutic target. Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable, we can certainly make them healthier, but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.
So let me just finish. What I started by saying is take sleep seriously. Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different from a pre-industrial age, when we were almost wrapped in a duvet. We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep. And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense. This is a pragmatic response to good health. If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration, attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health. If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress, your levels of anger, your impulsivity, and your tendency to drink and take drugs. And we finished by saying that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep is really informing the way we think about some of the causes of mental illness, and indeed is providing us new ways to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.
Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said, "Sleep is God. Go worship." And I can only recommend that you do the same.
Thank you for your attention.
经典TED英语演讲稿【第五篇】
When I was nine years old I went off to summer camp for the first time. And my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. Because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. And this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. You have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind. And I had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better. (Laughter) I had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.
当我九岁的时候 我第一次去参加夏令营 我妈妈帮我整理好了我的行李箱 里面塞满了书 这对于我来说是一件极为自然的事情 因为在我的家庭里 阅读是主要的家庭活动 听上去你们可能觉得我们是不爱交际的 但是对于我的家庭来说这真的只是接触社会的另一种途径 你们有自己家庭接触时的温暖亲情 家人静坐在你身边 但是你也可以自由地漫游 在你思维深处的冒险乐园里我有一个想法 野营会变得像这样子，当然要更好些 （笑声） 我想象到十个女孩坐在一个小屋里 都穿着合身的女式睡衣惬意地享受着读书的过程
(Laughter)
（笑声）
Camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. And on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. And it went like this: "R-O-W-D-I-E, that's the way we spell rowdie. Rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie." Yeah. So I couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly. (Laughter) But I recited a cheer. I recited a cheer along with everybody else. I did my best. And I just waited for the time that I could go off and read my books.
野营这时更像是一个不提供酒水的派对聚会 在第一天的时候呢 我们的顾问把我们都集合在一起 并且她教会了我们一种今后要用到的庆祝方式 在余下夏令营的每一天中 让“露营精神”浸润我们 之后它就像这样继续着 R-O-W-D-I-E 这是我们拼写“吵闹"的口号 我们唱着“噪音，喧闹，我们要变得吵一点” 对，就是这样 可我就是弄不明白我的生活会是什么样的 为什么我们变得这么吵闹粗暴 或者为什么我们非要把这个单词错误地拼写 （笑声） 但是我可没有忘记庆祝。我与每个人都互相欢呼庆祝了 我尽了我最大的努力 我只是想等待那一刻 我可以离开吵闹的聚会去捧起我挚爱的书
But the first time that I took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, "Why are you being so mellow?" -- mellow, of course, being the exact opposite of R-O-W-D-I-E. And then the second time I tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.
但是当我第一次把书从行李箱中拿出来的时候 床铺中最酷的那个女孩向我走了过来 并且她问我：“为什么你要这么安静？” 安静，当然，是R-O-W-D-I-E的反义词 “喧闹”的反义词 而当我第二次拿书的时候 我们的顾问满脸忧虑的向我走了过来 接着她重复了关于“露营精神”的要点并且说我们都应当努力 去变得外向些
And so I put my books away, back in their suitcase, and I put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. And I felt kind of guilty about this. I felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and I was forsaking I did forsake them and I didn't open that suitcase again until I was back home with my family at the end of the summer.
于是我放好我的书 放回了属于它们的行李箱中 并且我把它们放到了床底下 在那里它们度过了暑假余下的每一天 我对这样做感到很愧疚 不知为什么我感觉这些书是需要我的 它们在呼唤我，但是我却放弃了它们 我确实放下了它们，并且我再也没有打开那个箱子 直到我和我的家人一起回到家中 在夏末的时候
Now, I tell you this story about summer camp. I could have told you 50 others just like it --all the times that I got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of beingwas not necessarily the right way to go, that I should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert. And I always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were. But for years I denied this intuition, and so I became a Wall Street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that I had always longed to be -- partly because I needed to prove to myself that I could be bold and assertive too. And I was always going off to crowded bars when I really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. And I made these self-negating choices so reflexively, that I wasn't even aware that I was making them.
现在，我向你们讲述这个夏令营的故事 我完全可以给你们讲出其他50种版本就像这个一样的故事-- 每当我感觉到这样的时候 它告诉我出于某种原因，我的宁静和内向的风格 并不是正确道路上的必需品 我应该更多地尝试一个外向者的角色 而在我内心深处感觉得到，这是错误的内向的人们都是非常优秀的，确实是这样 但是许多年来我都否认了这种直觉 于是我首先成为了华尔街的一名律师 而不是我长久以来想要成为的一名作家 一部分原因是因为我想要证明自己 也可以变得勇敢而坚定 并且我总是去那些拥挤的酒吧 当我只是想要和朋友们吃一顿愉快的晚餐时 我做出了这些自我否认的抉择 如条件反射一般 甚至我都不清楚我做出了这些决定