动名词的用法实用4篇

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动名词用法1

动名词用法

作者/沈华正

一、什么叫动名词

由原型动词在词尾加ing构成。动名词与名词有所不同，它具有动词性质，有动作意味且有动词的基本特征，可有自己的宾语，状语，但它又有名词的句法功能，可以作主语，宾语，定语，表语。

二、动名词的形式

主动形式 被动形式

一般式 doing being done

完成式 having done having been done

1.动名词的一般形式通常表示一般性动作（即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作），或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作。例如：

They are all interested in climbing mountains.

He took a great delight in helping others.

2.动名词的完成形式表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生。例如：

He didn’t mention having met me.

I regret not having taken her advice.

I don’t remember having ever promised you that.

3.当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式。例如：

This question is far from being settled.

He did it without being asked.

They insisted on their being treated as ordinary workers.

He didn’t mind being left at home.

They couldn’t stand being treated like that.

注意：若动名词表示的动作在谓语动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动形式。例如：

I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.

三、动名词的作用

1.动名词作主语，表示一般或抽象的多次行为。

1）动名词作主语，谓语要用单数。

Playing with fire is dangerous.

2）动名词作主语时，有时可用it做形式主语，但仅限于少数表语形容词或名词。常见表语形容词：good，foolish，wonderful，useless，difficult，nice.常见名词：fun，luck，pleasure，use，good.但现在在教材中也常见不是以上形容词、名词照样用it做形式主语的情况。也就是说作为中学生只要掌握it可以作形式主语，真正的`主语可以是动名词，不定式，that从句。

3）动名词作主语，可用于there be 句型结构。

There is no joking about such matters.

2.动名词做宾语。

1）及物动词后面可以跟不定式、动名词做宾语，不定式做宾语更加常见。作为学生要掌握的是哪些动词跟动名词做宾语这不常规形式。以下动词只能用动名词而不可用动词不定式做宾语。我把每个单词的第一字母排列在一起构成口诀：MCAFEISPKD（没咖啡是不够的）M：mind，：consider，can not ：admit，allow，avoid，appreciate，：finish，：enjoy，excuse，escape，：：suggest，：delay，dislike，deny.

2）动名词作介词的宾语，特别是介词to的宾语是常考点。give up，feel like，insist on，be used/get down/pay attention/be devoted/lead/contribute/object/the key/to.

We have been used to living in the countryside.

Do you have any trouble understanding spoken English？

3）某些动词后接动名词与不定式做宾语有区别。

，start，continue 后接两种形式均可，意义差别不大。

We started to learn/learning English five years ago.但在下列情况下begin，start须接不定式。a）主语是物而不是人，如：Spring came on and the snow began to ）后接表示心理活动或状态的动词，如： I began to realize how stupid I ）begin，()start 用于进行时中，如It is beginning to ）后接被动式，如The new type of computer began to be developed in the 1980s.

，like，love，prefer等喜厌动词后接动名词表示经常的动作，而接不定式表示具体的、特定的动作。I like playing chess on days would like to play chess with the chess master now.

，forget，regret等后接动名词的一般式或完成式表示动作在谓语动词之前发生，而后接不定式则表示在谓语动词之后将要发生或未完成，两者意义不同。I remember doing/having done the must remember to do the exercise.请注意这两句不同的翻译。

，try，go on，can not help，stop 后接动名词与不定式意义不同，不能互换。Seeing him make a face，she could not help can not help to do the homework for doing：试一试，试做某事，看看会发生什么情况。Try to do：做一番努力，试图做某种困难的事。Try putting in some more vinegar，which might make it taste a bit you try to work out the maths problem？

，want，require，bear，deserve后接动名词的主动式和不定式的被动式都表示被动含义。The question needs discussing/to be discussed.

afraid of doing：担心产生预料的结果。

be afraid to do something：不敢做某事。

He dared not go home because he was afraid of being scolded.

The boy was afraid to go near the sleeping dog.

G.名词way，chance，opportunity 后接不定式或of doing，意义差别不大。

I hope to have a chance to visit/of visiting the well-known hall.

，allow，advise，forbid 等词后接动名词作宾语，但以不定式作宾语补足语。

I advised you to go to advised your going to college.

3.动名词作表语，说明主语的内容，若就此提问，应用疑问词what。

My main work is teaching children how to learn English well.不定式也可作表语，它与动名词作表语的区别比照作主语的区别。

注意：（1）动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别

动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作。试比较：

My favourite sport is swimming.

The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation.

（2）动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别

动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。

现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用very，quite等副词来修饰。

4.作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：

a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台

a swimming pool=a pool for swimming 游泳池

而现在分词作定语表示主动，或被动正在进行的动作。例如 a man standing under the tree=a man who is/was standing under the tree，a house being built=a house which is/was being built

5.动名词的复合结构。

在动名词的复合结构中，其逻辑主语用形容词性的物主代词或宾格代词，如果是名词就用“名词+’s”形式（无生命的名词只能用普通格，即直接用名词），放在动词前构成一个整体，共同担任一个句子成分。例如：

Would you mind my/me using your handbook？

Do you think there will be any chance of my operating the computer again？

注： 动名词复合结构作主语时逻辑主语通常用所有格。

6.名词化的动名词。

动名词有时可以进一步名词化，具有更多名词的特点：它可以有自己的冠词，可以有定语修饰，在某些情况下甚至有复数形式。

Can you come back for a fitting on the 18th？

Who did the recording？

这种名词可以称为名词化的动名词，名词化的动名词在具有更多名词特点的同时，也失去了许多动词特点：它不再有完成形式或被动式，不能有自己的状语、宾语。如果要表示它逻辑上的宾语，通常要用一个以of引导的短语。例如：There are needed for the making of clothes.

四、practice

1.______ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

walk walk

was afraid to risk ______ to death during the fighting night and he stayed at home with windows and doors shut.

at at shot

it ______ in the office，Kate found working as a teacher is more exciting.

work working working being working

right arm showed no sign of ______

injured been injured injured

one would dream of there ______ such a beautiful place.

be

was very fortunate to ______ by the police.

catching missed catching

being caught missed being caught

7.―The door was did he come out of the house？

―By breaking the window and ______ out.

climb

think ______ in time will make our teacher happy.

to be here be here

’s to be here ’s being here

could have imagined such a sweet-tempered girl as Alice ______ such a thing.

do

was ______ computer games that took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his study.

have played played

know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he ______.

writing writing to write

am not used ______ to like that.

be spoken being spoken speak speaking

______ for the job，you will be required to take a language test.

interviewed

interviewed

you can not work out the problem in this way，you can try ______ it out in that way.

work have worked

made you so annoyed.

______ waiting for ages without no results.

kept keep be kept

you mind ______ alone at home？

leaving having left

’s being left to be left

likes making jokes about others，but no one enjoys ______，especially in public.

at laughed at

be laughed at at

used to ______ from one place to another，but now he is used to ______ in Ningbo.

；living ；live ；living ；live

fireman told us the difficulty they had ______ the fire ______.

get；under control ；controlled

；controlled ；to control

20.―What do you think made Mary so upset？―______ her new car.

she lost of losing

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。上面的4篇动名词的用法是由山草香精心整理的动名词范文范本，感谢您的阅读与参考。

动名词的用法2

3、作表语

动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如：

his part-time job is promoting new products for the company. (动名词)

他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。

reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.(动名词)

读书当然是学习，然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。

their task is exploring oil mines in the west. (动名词)

他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。

动名词作表语，容易与现在分词作表语相混淆。记住：动名词表语表达的是“某件事”(与不定式短语的意义相近)，而现在分词表语表示“具有某个作用”。例如：

the situation is very much encouraging.(现在分词)

形势非常令人鼓舞。

his present job is not that stimulating as he expected. (现在分词)

他现在的工作并不是那么有刺激性。

their plan is to build another dormitory for their staff this year. (不定式)

他们的计划是今年再为员工们建一栋宿舍楼。

his wish is to become a pilot. (不定式)

他的愿望是当飞行员。

4、作宾语

(1) 动名词跟在及物动词后做宾语。例如：

he managed to escape suffering from the disease.

他设法避免患那种疾病。

after hearing the funny story, all of us couldn't help laughing ear to ear.

听完了那个滑稽故事，我们忍不住大笑了。

excuse my interrupting you for a while .

请原谅我打扰你一会儿。

prof. smith considered giving his students a reading list before they started the next chapter.

史密斯教授考虑在学生们学习下一章之前给他们一份读书清单。

when he came back home from his night shift, jason tried to avoid wakening his family.

当杰逊下夜班回到家时，他尽力不弄醒他的家人。

the suspect denied turning on the computer in the office that night.

犯罪嫌疑人否认他那晚开过办公室的电脑。

(2) 英语中，在介词后面也要用动名词作宾语。例如：

i'm looking forward to your coming next time.

我期待着您下一次的到来。

on hearing our delegation in sydney had won 28 gold medals, all the chinese people cheered up with great joy and showed their great respects to our athletes.

当听到我国在悉尼的奥运代表团获得了28块金牌时，全中国人民都高兴地欢呼起来，并向我们的运动健儿们表示崇高的敬意。

the simplest kind of advertising is the classified ad.

最简单的广告是分类广告。

they are against using so many animals in experiments.

他们反对用如此多的动物去做试验。

i don't remember ever seeing her any time.

我不记得曾几何时见过她。

he apologized for interrupting us.

他因打断了我们的谈话而向我们道歉。

thank you for offering me so much help.

感谢你们给我提供了这么多的帮助。

he is fond of watching sports-games.

他喜欢观看体育竞赛。

she likes making herself busy all the day.

她喜欢使自己终日忙忙碌碌的。

(3) 介词后面接动名词时，动名词短语也可以用完成时态或被动语态。例如：

the secretary was scolded for not having finished typing the report in time.

那位秘书因没有按时将报告打印出来而受责备。(动名词的完成时态)

i regret having said some rude words to my brother.

我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话。

we have no idea of their having done such kind of thing.

我们不知道他们干过这种事情。

after having been treated in the special way, he could deal with everything around him smoothly .

他接受了特殊化的训练后，能顺利地对付他周围的一切。

he can't remember having been scolded by his boss for that matter.

他不记得老板曾为那件事责备过他。

people hate being praised for nothing .

人们不喜欢无缘无故的赞扬。(动名词的被动语态)

the problem is far from being solved .

这问题远没得到解决。

she didn't mind being left alone at home .

她不介意被一人留在家里。

(4) 下列动词后的动名词虽然是被动意义，但不用被动语态：

your car needs filling. 你这车要充气了。

this city deserves visiting. 这座城市值得光顾一下。

the problem requires studying carefully .这个问

动名词的用法3

二、动名词也可以作宾语(Object)

作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面)

1. I cannot help laughing. (我禁不住笑了起来)(宾语laughing)

2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling)

3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking)

注意：上面三个句子中的动词：help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类

动词还有：

dislike 厌恶 admit 接受 repent 后悔 acknowledge 承认

enjoy 享受 escape避免 deny 否认 postpone 延迟

resent 怨恨 mind 介意 miss 错过 risk 冒风险

finish 完成 avoid 避免 delay 耽误 consider 认为

fancy 想象 excuse 原谅 include 包括 imagine 想象

resist 抵制 suggest 建议 ……

还有短语类：

keep (on)继续 don't mind 不介意 cannot help 不禁 give up 放弃

put off 延迟 leave off 停止 burst out 闯出 ……

再请注意：有一些动词除了可接动名词外，也可接不定词(infinitive)。例子如下：

1. I prefer living in an apartment. (动词prefer接动名词 living)

2. I prefer to live in an apartment. (动词prefer接不定词 to live)

像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如 prefer 这一类的动词还有：

allow deserve neglect attempt

fear omit begin hate

permit bother intend cease

like recommend continue love

start stop forget regret

propose try continue remember

need ……

其实如hate, love, like之类动词，接动名词和接不定词的句子，意思是会有些不

同的，这就留给大家去研究吧，hihi……

作介词(Preposition)的宾语(Object)

1. I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble. (介词for，宾语giving)

2. The book is worth reading. (介词worth, 宾语reading)

3. I reached him by calling his office. (介词by, 宾语calling)

4. The police arrested(逮捕)him for speeding. (介词for, 宾语speeding)

注意：在下列的句子结构中，介词 in 被省略掉：

1. She is busy (in) correcting her exercises.

2. He spent two hours (in) reading book.

3. There is no use (in) talking with him now.

4. Is it any good (in) taking cold water baths?

作“名词+介词”的宾语

请看下列的句子：

1. I have the pleasure of speaking to the famous author. (pleasure of + 宾

语speaking)

2. He takes a great interest in studying languages. (interest in + 宾语

studying)

这一类“名词+介词”的还有：

danger of fear of objection to

delight to habit of opportunity for /of

excuse for experience in love in

reason for ……

好了，好了，看到这里，你是不是需要一点风油呢？呵呵！Gerund还没谈完呢，再会

吧。

谈谈动名词(Gerund)(四)

三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(Implied Subject)

什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢？在句子中，除了原有的主语之外，属于动名词的“主语

”，也就称为“逻辑主语”，一般位于动名词的前面。

在动名词前加“物主代词(如：my, his...)”或“名词所有格(如：Mary's,

Dog's...)”

1. His coming here helped us a lot. (主语/逻辑主语his, 动名词coming)

2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主

语Tom,动名词escaping)

作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，在动名词前加“物主代词”或“名

词所有格”

1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm? (逻辑主语my, 动名词smoking)

2. He insisted on Mary's staying there. (逻辑主语Mary, 动名词staying)

注意：作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时，则用通格(of the):

1. I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate

friends. (逻辑主语news)

在下列情况中，不能使用所有格：

代词为 all, both, each, few, several, some, this 等作为逻辑主语时：

1. I remember all of them saying it .

数词、名词化形容词(如 the three, the old...)作逻辑主语时：

1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could not believe

it.

结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语，或受从句或短语修饰时：

1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking

a little louder?

真是烦死人了！还好，“动名词”最难的一关要算是“逻辑主语”了。如果你闯过后，接下

来的就轻松得多了。哈哈……

动名词的用法4

谈谈动名词(Gerund)(五)

四、动名词的语态

被动式(being + v-ed)

当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时，动名词要用被动语态。

1. He dislikes being interrupted(被打岔) in his speech.

2. They couldn't stand being treated(被对待) like that.

完成式 (having + v-ed)

动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成式。

1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.

2. The students' having done(完成) the work so well made us very happy.

完成式的被动语态 (having been + v-ed)

1. I heard of his having been chosen(被选为) to be the coach of the team.

2. Some of our customers complained of having been treated(被对待)

rudely.

在动词 need, want, require, deserve 之后的动名词(作为宾语)，要用主动

语态来表示被动的意思。

1. The flowers in the garden want watering(需要浇水).

2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(不需回

答).

五、作定语 (Attribute)

动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语，表示该名词的用途或有关的动作。

1. sleeping car 卧车

2. walking stick 手杖

3. printing shop 印务馆

4. reading room 阅读室

5. swimming pool 泳池

6. washing machine 洗衣机

7. dining room 饭厅

六、在英文正式语体里，动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后，以替代副词/状语的子

句(Adverbial Clauses)

例：1. In case customers encounter difficulties, they should ring the

following number:...

2. In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the

following number:...

第二个句子的“In case of ”动名词短句(Gerund Phrase) 取代第一个句子的 “In

case” 副词子句。

下列都是这类例子：

1. In spite of doing his best, the pupil was reproached. (In spite of )

2. Despite coming in time, the visitors were not admitted. (despite)

3. For all his arguing, the teacher could not convince us. (for all)

4. The fireman distinguished himself by doing his duty to the utmost. (by)

5. In sending us the book you proved to be reliable. (In)

6. Instead of blaming the boy, the teacher encouraged him. (instead of )

7. The girl left without saying a word. (without)

8. The boy was blamed for breaking the window. (for)

9. The children got tired from learning too much. (from)

10. After spending the holidays with us, our nephew went back to England.

(after)

11. Before going to bed, I opened the window. (before)

12. On arriving at the station, John was welcomed by his friends. (on)

13. Since leaving school, I have not seen my teacher. (since)